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An open channel is natural or man – made conveyance system where a liquid is moved under the
influence of gravity in the presence of an air-water interface. In an open channel flow occurs in
natural water courses, channels, diversions, and culverts, in which the energy source causing the
water to move is gravity. The main characteristic of open-channel flow (which includes flow in
partially full conduit) is that one surface of the flow is exposed to the atmosphere. The terrain
slope of Damaturu is in direction from north and south to the center of the town. Through the
center of Damaturu town the old river bed have been located with great number of micro
depression and lakes which have been filling with water during the rainy period of the year
Jun – July – August. The water in these lakes has been staged up to March – April and has
been used for cattle breeding. The main characteristics of channels are determined according to
topographic conditions, assumed amount of drainage water which have to be collected and
conveyed and recipient characteristics. Hydraulic design for the main channel is performed by
usage of the HEC RAS software. HEC RAS is worldwide used software for different hydraulic
simulations in open channels or rivers. This software is used for performance one-dimensional
steady flow simulations in open channels with different geometry of cross sections profiles. The
channel network is designed as gravity open channel system without pumping process in any
part. FALMATA AUDU MUSTAPHA, JIBRIN UMAR, AMINA S. GIMBA, SHETTIMA UMAR ALI
